• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device (1) for supplying air to a fuel cell (10), preferably a hydrogen-fuel cell (10), via two compressor stages, formed with a first compressor (21) of a turbocharger (20), the compressor (21). a turbine (22) of the turbocharger (20) which can be driven by an exhaust gas flow (A) of the fuel cell, and a second compressor (30), wherein an inlet air supply (21z) of the first compressor (21) with the second compressor (30) is connected via an air passage (31) for supplying the compressed air from the second compressor (30) (L). The invention also relates to the use of such a device.
    公开号:CH715036A2
    申请号:CH5482019
    申请日:2019-04-24
    公开日:2019-11-29
    发明作者:Haag Jan-Christoph；Aurahs Lutz；Heinz Christoph；Bartholomä Klaus
    申请人:Man Energy Solutions Se；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to a device for supplying air to a fuel cell, in particular a fuel cell operated with hydrogen.
    [0002] Conventionally, fuel cells are operated with pure hydrogen, which reacts to water in the fuel cell and thereby releases electricity. For this purpose, the hydrogen is usually expanded from a pressure vessel and fed to the fuel cell. The air required for combustion in the fuel cell is drawn in from the surroundings by an electrically operated blower and fed to the fuel cell.
    A generic prior art is described for example in DE 10 120 947 A1 or in DE 10 2004 051 359 A1.
    In both documents it is the case that two compressor stages are provided and a conventional system bypass branches off after the second compressor stage and leads to the input of a turbine.
    This embodiment allows a certain control of the air supply, but does not allow the necessary degrees of freedom to prevent, for example, in various operating situations that the desired volume flows and pressures in the fuel cell area can be set in an energy-efficient manner with two compressor stages designed as flow compressors.
    In the automotive environment, fuel cells are also known which are charged by means of a turbocharger. The intake air is drawn in by the compressor of a turbocharger and the exhaust gas generated during combustion drives the turbine of the turbocharger. If necessary, additional electrical energy can be fed into the shaft of the turbocharger by an electric motor in order to compensate for a thermodynamic imbalance of the two components.
    The disadvantage of the known solutions is that they cannot be used in an energy-efficient industrial scale for energy generation. There is then a need to increase the energy efficiency and thus the efficiency of the overall system.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a structure which offers a high degree of freedom with high energy efficiency with regard to the volume flows and pressures supplied to the fuel cell.
    According to the invention this structure is solved by the device with the features in claim 1.
    A basic idea of the invention is to provide a two-stage charging system, preferably with intermediate cooling of the compressed air, one of two compressors being driven by a turbine through the exhaust gas of the fuel cell.
    According to the invention, a device for supplying air to a hydrogen-operated fuel cell via two compressor stages is provided, designed with a first compressor of a turbocharger, the compressor being operatively connected to a turbine of the turbocharger that can be driven by an exhaust gas flow from the fuel cell, and a second Compressor, wherein a supply air supply of the first compressor is connected to the second compressor via an air duct for supplying the air compressed by the second compressor. The air compressed in this way via the two compressor stages is fed to the fuel cell.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that a motor, preferably an electric motor, drives the second compressor (first compressor stage) via a drive shaft or the compressor wheel of the second compressor is arranged directly on the drive shaft. An electric motor no longer drives the turbocharger, but rather a separate compressor that is connected upstream of the turbocharger as a compressor stage. The upstream compressor can thus be mounted directly on the shaft of the electric motor, which means that the design effort can be significantly reduced.
    In an alternative embodiment of the invention it is provided that a turbine is provided on the supply side of the fuel cell, which is introduced into the feed for the supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell in a flow-effective manner, the turbine being connected to a generator in a drive-effective manner via a shaft and the generator provides electrical energy to the motor via an electrical connection line as soon as the generator is driven by the turbine via the shaft.
    Alternatively, the energy generated by the generator can be partially or completely provided at the output of the fuel cell in addition to the energy generated by the fuel cell. In addition, a control device can also divide the energy between the electric motor and the output at the fuel cell depending on the respective electrical load depending on the load.
    For this purpose, a turbine with a generator is used to relax the hydrogen. The turbine delivers its shaft power to the generator, on the shaft of which the turbine is preferably mounted directly. The electrical power can either be used to drive the first compressor, or it can be coupled directly to the output of the fuel cell and thus provide additional electrical power.
    CH 715 036 A2 It is further advantageously provided that a turbine is provided on the supply side of the fuel cell, which turbine is introduced into the supply for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell in a flow-effective manner, the turbine being connected to the second compressor in a drive-effective manner via a shaft is.
    It can also be advantageously provided that a cooling device is provided on the air duct between the first and second compressors in order to cool the compressed air in the air duct, preferably by the expansion cold which arises during the expansion of the hydrogen and which is supplied to the cooling device.
    It can also be provided that a cooling device is provided on the air duct after the second compressor in order to cool the air compressed by the second compressor in the air duct, preferably by the expansion cold which arises during the expansion of the hydrogen and which is supplied to the cooling device.
    In the above-mentioned design variants, it is advantageously provided that the first and second compressors are designed as flow compressors.
    Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a device for providing air for a fuel cell as described above, which is part of a fuel cell system, via which electrical drive power is provided to a consumer, preferably in the power range of> 100 kW.
    Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims or are shown below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures.
    [0022] It shows:
    Figure 1 is a schematic schematic diagram of a first embodiment according to the invention.
    Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an alternative embodiment according to the invention and
    Fig. 3 is a schematic schematic diagram of a further alternative embodiment according to the invention.
    The invention is described in more detail below with the aid of preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the same reference symbols in the figures indicating the same structural and / or functional features. In the exemplary embodiments shown, a fuel cell 10 and the device 1 for supplying air to the hydrogen-operated fuel cell 10 are shown. The device 1 has two compressor stages, formed with a first compressor 21 of a turbocharger 20 and a second compressor 30.
    The compressor 21 is drivingly connected to a turbine 22 of the turbocharger 20 which can be driven by an exhaust gas flow A of the fuel cell 10. The exhaust gas flow generated by the fuel cell 10 flows through the turbine 22 and drives the compressor wheel of the compressor 20 via the shaft 23. The compressed air supplied to the compressor 20 from the second compressor 30 is further compressed and supplied to the fuel cell 10 via an air supply duct.
    An air duct 31 is arranged between the two compressors 20, 30, so that the supply air supply 21z of the first compressor 21 is connected to the second compressor 30 via the air duct 31 for supplying the air L compressed by the second compressor 30.
    In the embodiment of FIG. 2, an electric motor 40 is provided which drives the second compressor via a drive shaft 41. For this purpose, the compressor wheel of the second compressor 21 is arranged directly on the drive shaft 41. Furthermore, in this exemplary embodiment it is provided that a turbine 60 is provided on the supply side of the fuel cell, which is introduced into the feed 61 for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell in a flow-effective manner, the turbine 60 being connected to the generator 70 via the shaft 62 in a drive-effective manner ,
    The generator 70 supplies the motor 40 with electrical energy via an electrical connecting line 71 as soon as the generator 70 is driven by the turbine 60 via the shaft 62. The energy generated by the generator 70 can alternatively also be provided partially or completely at the output 11 of the fuel cell 10 in addition to the energy generated by the fuel cell 10.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, a turbine 60 is provided on the supply side of the fuel cell, which is introduced into the supply 61 for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell in a flow-effective manner, the turbine 60 being connected to the second compressor 30 via a shaft 62 in a drive-effective manner is.
    Furthermore, a first cooling device 50 is provided on the air duct 31 between the first and second compressors 20, 30 in order to cool the compressed air in the air duct 31, specifically by means of the expansion cold that occurs during the expansion of the hydrogen, which the cooling device 50 has over the cooling line lying in between is supplied.
    Furthermore, a further cooling device 51 can be provided on the air duct 22 after the second compressor 20 in order to cool the air compressed in the air duct 22 by the second compressor 20, likewise by means of the expansion cold that occurs during the expansion of the hydrogen, which the cooling device 51 uses a cooling line can be supplied.
    CH 715 036 A2 The embodiment of the invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiments specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution shown, even in the case of fundamentally different types.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Device (1) for supplying air to a fuel cell (10), preferably a hydrogen-operated fuel cell (10) via two compressor stages, formed with a first compressor (21) of a turbocharger (20), the compressor (21) with one of an exhaust gas flow (A) of the fuel cell-driven turbine (22) of the turbocharger (20) is connected in a drive-effective manner, and a second compressor (30), an air supply (21z) of the first compressor (21) being connected to the second compressor (30) via an air duct (31) for supplying the air (L) compressed by the second compressor (30).
    [2]
    2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a motor, preferably an electric motor (40) drives the second compressor via a drive shaft (41) or the compressor wheel of the second compressor (21) is arranged directly on the drive shaft (41) is.
    [3]
    3. The device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that a turbine (60) is provided on the feed side of the fuel cell, which turbine is introduced into the feed (61) for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell, the turbine (60 ) is connected to a generator (70) via a shaft (62) and the generator (70) provides electrical energy for the motor (40) via an electrical connecting line (71) as soon as the generator (70) via the shaft ( 62) is driven by the turbine (60).
    [4]
    4. The device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the energy generated by the generator (70) is partially or completely provided at the output (11) of the fuel cell (10) in addition to the energy generated by the fuel cell (10).
    [5]
    5. The device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a turbine (60) is provided on the supply side of the fuel cell, which turbine is introduced into the feed (61) for supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell, the turbine (60 ) drivingly connected to the second compressor (30) via a shaft (62).
    [6]
    6. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cooling device (50) on the air duct (31) between the first and second compressor (20, 30) is provided to the compressed air in the air duct (31) cool, preferably by the expansion cold which arises during the expansion of the hydrogen and which is fed to the cooling device (50).
    [7]
    7. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cooling device (51) on the air duct (22) after the second compressor (20) is provided to the air compressed by the second compressor (20) in the air duct (22 ) to cool, preferably by the expansion cold which arises during the expansion of the hydrogen and which is fed to the cooling device (51).
    [8]
    8. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second compressors (20, 30) are designed as flow compressors.
    [9]
    9. Use of a device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, for providing air for a fuel cell (10), which is part of a fuel cell system, via which electrical drive power is provided for a consumer, preferably in the power range of> 100 kW ,
    CH 715 036 A2

    CH 715 036 A2
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP2019204785A|2019-11-28|
    DE102018112451A1|2019-11-28|
    US20190363381A1|2019-11-28|
    KR20190134498A|2019-12-04|
    CN110534771A|2019-12-03|
    RU2019115857A|2020-11-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE10120947A1|2001-04-22|2002-10-24|Daimler Chrysler Ag|Fuel cell air supply device has electrically-driven low-pressure compressor in series with high-pressure compressor with turbine for energy recovery|
    DE102010011556A1|2010-03-16|2011-09-22|Daimler Ag|Device for supplying e.g. natural gas to proton exchange membrane fuel cell for driving of e.g. land vehicle, has heat exchanger arranged between releasing device and drive unit such that relaxed gaseous fuel contacts medium to be cooled|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018112451.1A|DE102018112451A1|2018-05-24|2018-05-24|Device for supplying air to a fuel cell, preferably a hydrogen-powered fuel cell|
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